STATE OF EMERGENCY AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS – (UN)JUSTIFIED DUALISM
Keywords:
State of Emergency, Emergency Situations, Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, Law on Emergency Situations, Law on Defence, Human RightsAbstract
The legal system of the Republic of Serbia regulates normatively two similar but in the same way partially distinct legal institutions, namely the state of emergency and the emergency situations. As natural disasters may cause declaration of the two states of necessity, the authors examine whether existence of those two parallel legal regimes is justified. Through analysis of existing positive law in the Republic of Serbia they point that dualism of the two institutions is basically unnecessary and inexpedient. They assert that declaration of the ”strict” regime of state emergency, which may arise out of natural disasters, could produce serious consequences on the ground of human rights, as it may unnecessarily limit human rights in a large scale. Therefore the authors offer possible solutions de lege ferenda. The first one should be to have constitutional differentiation among two different forms of state of emergency, depending of its ground, and establishment of a „milder” legal regime for the state of emergency if its declaration is caused by natural disasters. In that case there would be no room for the legal institution of emergency situations. The second, maybe optimal solution, would be to relax vulnerable institution like state of emergency by excluding natural disasters as a possible ground for its declaration, which would then remain domaine réservé for emergency situations only.
Downloads
References
Avramović, D. (2009): Uvođenje vanrednog stanja, magistarski rad, Pravni fakultet, Novi Sad.
Avramović, D. (2010): Uvođenje vanrednog stanja prema Ustavu Republike Srbije iz 2006. godine, NBP – Žurnal za kriminalistiku i pravo, 15(2), 127–135.
Camus, G. (1965): L’état de nécessité en démocratie, Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, Paris.
Čiplić, S. (1999): Država u vanrednim prilikama, SCI, Novi Sad.
Čavoški, K. (2003): Zgaženi ustav, „Nikola Pašić”, Beograd.
Deskoska, R. (2007): Restrictions of Human Rights in Emergency Situations. VIIth World Congress of the International Association of Constitutional Law (pp. 1– 14).
Pajvančić, M. (2004): Odluka o proglašenju vanrednog stanja, Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine, 76(6), 215–225.
Simović, D., Avramović, D. (2010): Konstitucionalizovanje instituta vanrednog stanja u ustavima Republike Srbije, Pravni život, 59(12), 941–962.
Simović, D., Avramović, D. (2010): Normativni okvir i praksa proglašenja vanrednog stanja prema Ustavu Republike Srbije iz 1990. godine, Pravna riječ, 22, 251–267.
