NOVI RELIGIJSKI POKRETI KAO AKTERI EKSTREMISTIČKOG DELOVANJA U EVROPI
Ključne reči:
нови религијски покрети, верски екстремизам, тероризам, аутодеструкција, пропаганда, толеранција, Савет ЕвропеApstrakt
У раду је истражен положај нових религијских покрета (НРП) као могућих актера екстремистичког деловања на простору европског континента. Први део рада посвећен је општој анализи обележја екстремизма повезаног са деловањем НРП, уз разматрање најпознатијих случајева из праксе. У оквиру другог дела, проучене су активности Савета Европе, као и мере националног карактера намењене сузбијању штетног деловања наведених покрета. Унутар треће целине, извршена је оцена природе и реалних домета криминалних и аутодеструктивних активности припадника означених групација. Између осталог, закључено је да нови религијски покрети представљају чинилац са ограниченим потенцијалом за екстремистичко деловање већих размера. При томе је, као веома важна, истакнута потреба за критичким преиспитивањем стварних мотива сваког појединачног екстремистичког чина те врсте, будући да досадашње искуство показује како убедљива већина криминалних и других друштвено непожељних аката припадника НРП, заправо, није непосредније повезана са религијским уверењима њихових учинилаца, већ са коренито другачијим факторима (друштвенополитичким, економским, психосоцијалним и др).
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
Reference
Ben-Yehuda, Nachman; Goode, Erich (2009): Moral panics: the social construction of deviance (second edition), Blackwell, Oxford.
Božović, Ratko (2003): „Sekte, kultovi i tolerancija prema njima”, Teme, 27(1), str. 119- 131.
Cohen, Stanley (2011): Folk Devils and Moral Panics (third edition), Routledge, London & New York.
Cronin, Audrey Kurth (2009): How Terrorism Ends: Understanding the Decline and Demise of Terrorist Campaigns, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Danforth, John (2000): Interim Report to the Deputy Attorney General Concerning the 1993. Confrontation at the Mt. Carmel Complex, Waco, Texas (http://www.cesnur.org/testi/DanforthRpt.pdf, 03.06.2018).
Danzig, Richard; Sageman, Marc et al. (2012): Aum Shinrikyo: Insights Into How Terrorists Develop Biological and Chemical Weapons (second edition), Center for a New American Security, Washington.
DeYoung, Mary (1994): One Face of the Devil: The Satanic Ritual Abuse Moral Crusade and the Law, Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 12(4), pp. 389-407.
Đorđević, Dragoljub (1998): Proroci "nove istine": sekte i kultovi (šta treba da znamo o novim religioznim pokretima?), JUNIR: Društvo za zaštitu i unapređenje mentalnog zdravlja dece i omladine, Niš.
Fisher, Ian (2000): Uganda Survivor Tells of Questions When World Didn't End, The New York Times, 03.04.2000. (http://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/03/world/ugandasurvivor-tells-of-questions-when-world-didn-t-end.html, 09.06.2018).
Frankfurter, David (2008): Evil Incarnate: Rumors of Demonic Conspiracy and Satanic Abuse in History, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Gale Robinson, Wendy (1997): Heaven's Gate: the End, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3(3).
Gerteis, Christopher (2008): Religious Terrorism and Popular Culture- The Uses and Abuses of Aum Shinrikyō, Journal of Religion & Society, Vol. 10, pp. 1-6.
Goldman, Marion (2006): Cults, New Religions, and the Spiritual Landscape: A Review of Four Collections, Journal of the Scientific Study of Religion, 45(1)/2006, pp. 87–96.
Hall, John (1987): Gone from the Promised Land: Jonestown in American Cultural History, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick.
Introvigne, Massimo (1995): Ordeal by Fire: The Tragedy of the Solar Temple, Religion, 25(3), pp. 267-283.
Introvigne, Massimo; Mayer, Jean-François (2002): Occult Masters and the Temple of Doom: The Fiery End of the Solar Temple, in: David G. Bromley; J. Gordon Melton (еds.), Cults, Religion and Violence, pp. 170 и д.
Jenkins, Philip; Maier-Katkin, Daniel (1992): Satanism: Myth and Reality in a Contemporary Moral Panic, Crime, Law and Social Change, 17(1), pp. 53-75.
Jenkins, Philip (2004): Satanism and Ritual Abuse, in: James R. Lewis (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Oxford University Press, New York.
La Fontaine, Jean (1998): Speak of the Devil: allegations of satanic abuse in Britain, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Lanning, Kenneth (1989): Satanic, Occult, Ritualistic Crime: A Law Enforcement Perspective, FBI Academy, Quantico.
Layton, Deborah (1998): Seductive Poison, Anchor Books, New York.
Lewis, James R. (2003): Legitimating Suicide: Heaven's Gate and New Age Ideology, in: Christopher Partridge (ed.), UFO Religions, Routledge, London.
Lewis, James R; Petersen, Jesper Aagaard (2005): Controversial New Religions, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Lifton, Robert (2000): Destroying the World to Save It: Aum Shinrikyo, Apocalyptic Violence, and the New Global Terrorism, Picador, London.
MacWilliams, Mark (2005): Symbolic Resistance to the Waco Tragedy on the Internet, Nova Religio, 8 (3), pp. 59–82.
Matković, Aleksandar (2016a): Krivično-pravni aspekti okultnih ritualnih aktivnosti, doktorska disertacija, Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Union u Beogradu, Beograd.
Matković, Aleksandar (2016b): Francuski zakon br. 2001-504 od 12. juna 2001. kao izvor verske diskriminacije i društvene destabilizacije, Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine, 5, str. 199-215.
Matković, Aleksandar (2016c): Krivična dela povezana sa okultizmom - pojam, pasivni subjekti i objekti radnje izvršenja, Crimen, 2, str. 207-222.
Матковић, Александар (2018): Граница између верског, политичког и других видова тероризма – пример организације Ом Шинрикјо, Култура полиса, 36, стр. 111-124.
Mayer, Jean-François (1999): Les Chevaliers de l’Apocalypse: L’Ordre du Temple Solaire et ses adeptes, in: Françoise Champion, Martine Cohen (eds.), Sectes et démocratie, Editions du Seuil, Paris, pp. 205-223.66
Mayer, Jean-François (2001): Field Notes: The Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God, Nova Religio, 5(1), pp. 203-210.
Mazza, Michael (2002): Anti-Satanism is Bigotry, in: Tamara Roleff (ed.), Satanism, Greenhaven Press, San Diego, pp. 29-32.
Nathan, Debbie; Snedeker, Michael (2001): Satan’s Silence: Ritual Abuse and the Making of a Modern American Witch Hunt (second edition), Authors Choice Press, Linkoln.
Ogloff, James; Pfeifer, Jeffrey (1992): Cults and the law: A discussion of the legality of alleged cult activities, Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 10(1), pp. 117–140.
Oliver, Sharma (2002): Claims of Satanic Ritual Abuse are Unsubstantiated, in: Tamara Roleff (ed.), Satanism, Greenhaven Press, San Diego, pp. 49-67.
Olson-Raymer, Gayle (1990): Occult Crime: A Law Enforcement Primer, State of California, Office of Criminal Justice Planning- Research Update Winter 1989-1990 (Vol 1, No 6).
Palmer, Susan J. (2011): The New Heretics of France: Minority Religions, La République, and the Government‐ Sponsored “War On Sects”, Oxford University University Press, New York.
Parachini, John (2005): Aum Shinrikyo, in: Brian. A Jackson; John C. Baker et al, Aptitude for Destruction, Vol. 2: Case Studies of Organizational Learning in Five Terrorist Groups, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, pp. 11-37.
Reader, Ian (1996): A Poisonous Cocktail?: Aum Shinrikyo’s Path to Violence, NIAS Press, Copenhagen.
Reader, Ian (2000a): Religious Violence in Contemporary Japan: The Case of Aum Shinrikyō, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
Reader, Ian (2000b), Scholarship, Aum Shinrikyô, and Academic Integrity', Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 368-382.
Reichert, Jenny; Richardson, James T. (2012): Decline of Moral Panic: A Social Psychological and Socio-Legal Examination of the Current Status of Satanism, Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions, 16(2), pp. 47-63.
Reiterman, Tim; Jacobs, John (1982): Raven: The Untold Story of the Rev. Jim Jones and His People, Dutton, Boston.
Richardson, James T; Best, Joel; Bromley, David G. (eds.) (1991): The Satanism scare, Aldine de Gruyter, New York.
Richardson, James (2004a): Legal Dimensions of New Religions, in: Lewis, James (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 163-184.
Richardson, James (ed.) (2004b): Regulating Religion: Case Studies from Around the Globe, Springer Science + Business Media, New York.
Richardson, James; Bellanger, François (2014): Legal Cases, New Religious Movements and Minority Faiths, Ashgate Publishing, Farnham.
Robbins, Susan (2002): Social and Cultural Forces Were Partially Responsible for Satanic Panic, in: Tamara Roleff (ed.), Satanism, Greenhaven Press, San Diego, pp. 91-103.
Robinson, Bruce A. (2000): Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God - A Christian doomsday cult in Uganda, Religious Tolerance (http://www.religioustolerance.org/dc_rest.htm, 09.06.2018).
Robinson, Bruce A. (2004): France: Attack on New Religious Movements, Religious Tolerance (http://www.religioustolerance.org/rt_franc1.htm, 05.06.2018).
Robinson, Bruce A. (2010): Satanic Ritual Abuse (SRA), Religious Tolerance (http://www.religioustolerance.org/sra.htm, 09.06.2018).
Scruggs, Richard et al. (1993): Report to the Deputy Attorney General on the Events at Waco, Texas February 28 to April 19, 1993, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington.
Shupe, Anson (1998): Wolves Within the Fold: Religious Leadership and Abuses of Power.
Sutcliffe, Steven (2014): New Age, world religions and elementary forms, in: Steven Sutcliffe, Ingvild Saelid Gilhus (eds.), New Age Spirituality: Rethinking Religion (second edition), Routledge, London, pp. 17-34.
Tompson, Kenet (2003): Moralna panika, Clio, Beograd.
Victor, Jeffrey S. (1993): Satanic Panic: The Creation of a Contemporary Legend. Open Court Press, Chicago.
Weitzman, Steven (2013): Religious Studies and the FBI: Adventures in Academic Interventionism, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 81(4), pp. 959-995.
Wright, Stuart (1995): Armageddon in Waco: Critical Perspectives on the Branch Davidian Conflict, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Zeller, Benjamin E; Balch, Robert W. (2014): Heaven's Gate: America's UFO Religion, New York University Press, New York.
Zurer, Pamela (1998): Japanese cult used VX to slay member, Chemical and Engineering News, Vol. 76, No. 35, p. 7.
